Bowen Bowens, Gregory J. "Chairman Leaves His Mark on Bill That Freezes Spending." Congressional
Quarterly Weekly Report, 17 Jul. 1993, 1895.
HPSCI Chairman Dennis DeConcini said: "It's a freeze.... Spending levels are the same as last year." Bowens, CQWR, 24 Jul. 1993, 1973, adds: The NRO "took the biggest hits from the Intelligence committees. Although details of the cuts are sketchy, most of the money was reportedly cut from research and development of a new satellite system combining optic and listening functions of previous generations."
[GenPostwar/Budgets/94; NRO/93]
Bowens, Gregory
J. "Clinton Accepts Budget Freeze, Vows to Fight Deeper Cuts."
Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report, 31 Jul. 1993, 2077.
In a letter to HPSCI Chairman Dan Glickman, President Clinton said: "I will oppose any amendment on the House floor which seeks to reduce intelligence spending beyond the reductions already proposed by the committee."
[GenPostwar/Budgets/94][c]
Bowens, Gregory
J. "House Panel Reportedly Caps Intelligence Spending." Congressional
Quarterly Weekly Report, 19 Jun. 1993, 1588.
In approving the fiscal 1994 intelligence authorization bill on 17 June 1993, HPSCI "put a freeze on spending.... President Clinton had asked for a budget increase this year -- of as much as $1 billion, according to the New York Times -- so a freeze amounts to a cut from the budget request."
[GenPostwar/Budgets/94]
Bowens, Gregory
J. "House Votes to Freeze Funding But Keep Amount Secret." Congressional
Quarterly Weekly Report, 7 Aug. 1993, 2167.
"After soundly defeating proposals to cut deeper, a bipartisan coalition in the House passed a fiscal 1994 intelligence authorization bill Aug. 4 that would freeze spending at current levels."
[GenPostwar/Budgets]
Bower,
Donald E. Sex Espionage. New York: Knightsbridge, 1990. 1991. [pb]
Surveillant 1.1: The author undertakes an "examination of the role of sexual compromise and entrapment to secure important information." He presents "scores of well-known cases where sexual exploitation played a key role."
[Women/Gen]
Bower,
Tom. Maxwell: The Outsider. New York: Viking, 1991.
Walker, WPNWE, 11-17 May 1992, finds Maxwell to be a "readable and revealing biography" that "is well-researched." However, "[t]here are unsettling flaws. No footnotes or sources are given for Bower's assertion that Maxwell was induced ... to sign a compromising document promising cooperation with Soviet Intelligence when he worked for the British Military Occupation authorities in Berlin.... Nor is there supportive evidence for Bower's claim that KGB and GRU ... jointly called in that obligation to summon Maxwell to a mysterious meeting with the new KGB chief Yuri Andropov."
[UK/Overviews/IntelRelated]
Bower,
Tom. The Paperclip Conspiracy: The Battle for the Spoils and Secrets of Nazi Germany. London: Michael Joseph, 1987.
[GenPostwar/40s/Germany]
Bower,
Tom. The Perfect English Spy: Sir Dick White and the Secret War, 1935-90.
London: Heinemann, 1995. The Perfect English Spy: The Unknown Man in Charge During the Most Tumultuous, Scandal-Ridden Era in Espionage History. New York: St. Martin's, 1995.
Clark comment: Sir Dick Goldsmith White headed the British Security Service (MI5) from 1953 to 1956 and the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 1956 to 1968. Surveillant 4.3 comments that, "with the cooperation of White and dozens of former MI5 and MI6 officers, Bower has written a fascinating, highly authoritative and compelling insiders' account of the successes and disasters which have befallen Britain during the last 50 years.... Highly recommended."
Davies, I&NS 12.3, is less than enthralled with Bower's final product, finding that it "is of considerably less historical value than it might ... have been." The book is "poorly written, frequently unclear, and littered with elementary inaccuracies of detail." Nevertheless, the book "does not try to be an exposé," and does "fill in much of the detail left tantalizingly untouched by the official history." In addition, Bower raises enough doubts about White's management of SIS "to warrant a serious rethinking of the traditionally flattering light cast upon White's record and achievements as Chief of the SIS."
[UK/Biographies; UK/Overviews/90s; UK/Postwar/Gen]
Bower,
Tom. Red Web: MI6 and the KGB Master Coup. London: Aurum, 1989. London: Mandarin, 1993. [pb]
Surveillant 3.2/3 says that Red Web discusses a "KGB ... compromised and ... controlled operation ... [that] completely deceived the British and Americans" from 1944 to 1955. According to Powers, NYRB (13 May 1993) and Intelligence Wars (2004), 295-320, this is the "sad tale of misplaced heroism on the part of the Baltic republics, who were cold-heartedly discarded by the British." The author "tells his story well, with much detail and some vividly drawn characters." Chambers sees Bower as "part of the Peter Wright industry," and this book as plagued with "dull writing."
[UK/Overviews]
Bowers, Faye. "Secret Weapon in US War against Iraq: The CIA." Christian Science Monitor, 25 Mar. 2003. [http://www.csmonitor.com]
Less than a week into the war in Iraq, it is "clear that the campaign involves an unprecedented level of involvement by the CIA." Since DCI George J. Tenet "was the first to come up with a concrete plan for routing the Taliban and Al Qaeda from Afghanistan, he and his CIA operatives have been playing a much larger role in both shaping American war plans and working together with military Special Operations Forces to implement them than ever before.... Small numbers of CIA paramilitary teams have reportedly been inside Iraq since June 2002. They are said to have broken into the highly secretive phone lines leading into Hussein's headquarters. Moreover, they've collected the e-mail addresses and personal phone numbers for Iraq's top military generals."
[CIA/00s/03/Gen; MI/Ops/Iraq]
Bowers, Faye. "U.S. Unready for Rising Threat of 'Moles': A Recent Report on U.S. Intelligence Harshly Critiqued Counter-Spy Efforts." Christian Science Monitor, 8 Apr. 2005, 1.
[CI/00s]
Bowers, Ray L.
"The American Revolution: A Study in Insurgency." Military
Review 46, no. 7 (1966): 64-72. [Petersen]
[RevWar]
Bowers, Stephen R. "Information Warfare: The Computer Revolution Is Altering How Future Wars Will Be Conducted." Armed Forces Journal International 136 (August 1998): 38-39.
[GenPostwar/InfoWar]
Bowie, Robert. "Analysis of Our Policy Machine." New York Times Magazine, 9 Mar. 1958, 16, 68-71. [Petersen]
[Analysis]
Bowie, Robert, and Richard Immerman. Waging Peace: How Eisenhower Shaped an Enduring Cold War Strategy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Aldrich, I&NS 17.1/149/fn.4, says that this work "is interesting on Eisenhower's ambiguous message to his administration on the subject of roll-back."
[GenPostwar/CW]
Bowley, Graham. "US Spy Balloons Hover over Afghans, Causing Unease." New York Times, 12 May 2012. [http://www.nytimes.com]
White 117-foot-long surveillance balloons, called aerostats by the military, "have become constant features" at almost every military base in Afghanistan. "[T]he balloons, with infrared and color video cameras, are central players in the American military's shift toward using technology for surveillance and intelligence. In recent years, they have become part of a widening network of devices -- drones, camera towers at military bases and a newer network of street-level closed-circuit cameras monitoring Kabul's roads -- that have allowed American and Afghan commanders to keep more eyes on more places where Americans are fighting."
[MI/Ops/Afgh/12; Recon/Balloons]
Bowman, Martin W. The Bedford Triangle: U.S. Undercover Operations from England in World War 2. Chatham, UK: Patrick Stevens, 1988. Botley, UK: Osprey, 1991. Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2003. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2009. [pb]
From publisher: The U.S. Army Air Force, OSS, and SOE "jointly played a crucial part in operations behind enemy lines in occupied Europe during World War II. Milton Ernest Hall, a country house in Bedfordshire and official UK headquarters of the U.S. Army Airforce Service Command, was located at the heart of a network of top secret Allied Radio and propaganda transmitting stations, political warfare units, and undercover American and British formations dealing in espionage and subterfuge."
To Knouse, http://home.att.net, this book "has a number of glaring faults. For one thing, the chapters on Glenn Miller are entirely superfluous and speculative, not good history at all but more a bit of rumor-mongering than anything else."
[UK/WWII/Services/SOE; WWII/OSS/Gen]
Bowman, Steve, and James Crowhurst. Homeland Security: Evolving Roles and Missions for United States Northern Command. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 16 Nov. 2006. Available at: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/RS21322.pdf.
Among the issues raised: "As mobilizations continue and homeland security missions increase, more reserve component forces are serving in full time status. This creates near- and long-term resource issues as Congress considers future defense appropriations. Additionally, the heritage of 'citizensoldiers' could be lost as reserve components are used more as an operational reserve."
[DHS/06; MI/00s/06]
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